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Lupus nephritis

Evidence: Antibody

Names

Lupus nephritis

Description

Lupus nephritis is a complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune condition causing inflammation of the body’s tissues.  Lupus nephritis targets the kidneys, causing damage and inflammation, which prevents normal function and may lead to kidney failure.  Significant delay or lack of treatment can be fatal, but early medical care can manage symptoms and result in a good prognosis.

Prevalence

US Cases: 66,000 - 70,000 [Wang 2018 and Lim 2014], based on 29% of patients with SLE developing lupus nephritis. SLE prevalence as reported by Georgia and Michigan registries: 72.1-74.4 per 100,000 people (Lim 2014).

Note from Lim: Black women had an incidence rate nearly 3 times higher than that for white women with a significantly higher rate in the 30 to 59 years age group … . The age-adjusted prevalence rate for women was nearly 9 times higher (127.6 vs. 14.7) than that for men. Black women had very high rates (196.2). A striking difference was seen in the proportion with end-stage renal disease in prevalent cases, with a sevenfold greater involvement among blacks.

Typical Age of onset

 At least 3 years after SLE symptoms begin to appear (SLE may occur at any age but most common in women of child-bearing age)

Source:
Musa et al (2020)
Vaillant et al (2020)

Symptoms

  • Weight gain

  • High blood pressure

  • Swelling in your legs, ankles, arms, and hands that worsens throughout the day

  • Blood in your urine

  • Headache and dizziness

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • Foamy urine

  • Rash or ulcers of the nose or mouth