Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
Evidence: Unconfirmed
Names
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome THS Painful Ophthalmoplegia Non-specific inflammation of the cavernous sinus Non-specific inflammation of the superior orbital fissure
Description
Patients with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome experience episodes of severe headaches surrounding the eyes, along with restricted eye movement that is painful (ophthalmoplegia). Normally, only one eye is affected and will frequently appear protruded. Symptoms may also include nerve abnormalities, such as eyelid drooping, double vision, large pupil, and numbness of the face. This disorder typically occurs in relapsing flares. The cause of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is unknown but is associated with the inflammation within the eyes and may be autoimmune.
Patient Groups
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Prevalence
US Cases: 320 cases per year [Amrutkar 2020 by reference to Iaconetta 2005]. No prevalence reported.
Typical Age of onset
All ages.
Symptoms
Constant pain behind the eyeball and around the orbit
Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI are damaged
Extreme headache
Double vision
Protrusion of the eye drooping eyelid
