Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein disease

Evidence: Antibody

Names

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein disease
MOG
Anti-MAG
Anti-MOG

Description

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein disease (MOG) is a recently recognized condition marked by the presence of antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). The disease differs from multiple sclerosis (MS), aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody disease, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). MOG symptoms can range from those of neuromyelitis optica to acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis and cortical encephalitis. A correct diagnosis requires both specific and sensitive assays for the antibody. In brain images MOG overlaps with AQP4 antibody NMOSD but can be usually distinguished from MS. In particular, the silent lesions typical of MS that progressively increase lesion volume are rare in MOG antibody disease. Medium-term immunosuppression appears to be protective. Permanent disability, particularly severe ambulatory and visual disability, is less frequent than in AQP4 antibody NMOSD and usually results from the onset attack.

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